Which ingredient is often used for its exfoliating properties?

Retinol is a derivative of vitamin A and is widely recognized for its exfoliating properties in skincare. It works by promoting cell turnover, which helps to shed dead skin cells from the surface of the skin and encourages the growth of new, healthy skin. This process can improve the texture and tone of the skin, making it a favored ingredient in products aimed at reducing the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and other signs of aging.

In comparison, while charcoal is often used in formulations for its ability to absorb impurities and toxins, it does not primarily function as an exfoliant. Glycerin is a humectant aimed at drawing moisture to the skin and supports hydration rather than exfoliation. Water, being a universal solvent, helps to dissolve other ingredients and hydrate the skin, but it does not have any exfoliating properties on its own. Thus, retinol stands out as the ingredient specifically known for its effective exfoliating capabilities.